- 到250 个VLAN
- 支持VLAN ID从1到4094( IEEE 802.1Q 标准)
- 支持ISL及IEEE 802.1Q封装
- 支持IOS标准的密码保护
- 支持标准及扩展的访问列表来定义安全策略
- 支持基于VLAN的访问列表
- 交换机LED指示端口状态
- SPAN及远端SPAN (RSPAN) 可以监视任何端口或VLAN的流量
- 内置支持四组的RMON监控功能(历史、统计、告警及事件)
| 命令 | 目的 |
Step 1 | configure terminal | 进入配置状态 |
Step 2 | interface range { port-range} | 进入组配置状态 |
Step 3 | | 可以使用平时的端口配置命令进行配置 |
Step 4 | end | 退回 |
Step 5 | show interfaces [ interface-id] | 验证配置 |
Step 6 | copy running-config startup-config | 保存 |
|
- 有效的组范围:
- vlan从1 到4094
- fastethernet 槽位/{ first port} - { last port}, 槽位为0
- gigabitethernet槽位/{ first port} - { last port},槽位为0
- port-channel port-channel-number - port-channel-number, port-channel号从1到64
- 端口号之间需要加入空格,如:interface range fastethernet 0/1 – 5 是有效的,而interface range fastethernet 0/1-5 是无效的.
- interface range 命令只能配置已经存在的interface vlan
- 所有在同一组的端口必须是相同类别的。
Switch# configure terminal
Switch(config)# interface range fastethernet0/1 - 5
Switch(config-if-range)# no shutdown
Switch(config-if-range)#
*Oct 6 08:24:35: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up
*Oct 6 08:24:35: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/2, changed state to up
*Oct 6 08:24:35: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/3, changed state to up
*Oct 6 08:24:35: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/4, changed state to up
*Oct 6 08:24:35: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/5, changed state to up
*Oct 6 08:24:36: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/05,
changed state to up
*Oct 6 08:24:36: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/3, changed
state to up
*Oct 6 08:24:36: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/4, changed
state to up
Switch# configure terminal
Switch(config)# interface range fastethernet0/1 - 3, gigabitethernet0/1 - 2
Switch(config-if-range)# no shutdown
Switch(config-if-range)#
*Oct 6 08:29:28: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up
*Oct 6 08:29:28: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/2, changed state to up
*Oct 6 08:29:28: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/3, changed state to up
*Oct 6 08:29:28: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface GigabitEthernet0/1, changed state to up
*Oct 6 08:29:28: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface GigabitEthernet0/2, changed state to up
*Oct 6 08:29:29: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/ 1,
changed state to up
*Oct 6 08:29:29: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/ 2,
changed state to up
*Oct 6 08:29:29: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/ 3,
changed state to up
| 命令 | 目的 |
Step 1 | configure terminal | 进入配置状态. |
Step 2 | interface interface-id | 进入端口配置状态. |
Step 3 | speed { 10 | 100 | 1000 | auto | nonegotiate} | 设置端口速率 注 1000 只工作在千兆口. GBIC模块只工作在1000 Mbps下. nonegotiate 只能在这些GBIC上用 1000BASE-SX, -LX, and -ZX GBIC. |
Step 4 | duplex { auto | full | half} | 设置全双工或半双工. |
Step 5 | end | 退出 |
Step 6 | show interfaces interface-id | 显示有关配置情况 |
Step 7 | copy running-config startup-config | 保存 |
Switch# configure terminal
Switch(config)# interface fastethernet0/3
Switch(config-if)# speed 10
Switch(config-if)# duplex half
| 命令 | 目的 |
Step 1 | configure terminal | 进入配置模式 |
Step 2 | interface interface-id | 进入要加入描述的端口 |
Step 3 | description string | 加入描述 (最多240个字符). |
Step 4 | end | 退回. |
Step 5 | show interfaces interface-id description or show running-config | 验证. |
Step 6 | copy running-config startup-config | 保存 |
|
Use the no description interface configuration command to delete the description.
This example shows how to add a description on Fast Ethernet interface 0/4 and to verify the description:
Switch# config terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)# interface fastethernet0/4
Switch(config-if)# description Connects to Marketing
Switch(config-if)# end
Switch# show interfaces fastethernet0/4 description
Interface Status Protocol Description
Fa0/4 up down Connects to Marketing
Show Commands for Interfaces Command | 目的 |
show interfaces [ interface-id] | 显示所有端口或某一端口的状态和配置. |
show interfaces interface-id status [ err-disabled] | 显示一系列端口的状态或错误-关闭的状态 |
show interfaces [ interface-id] switchport | 显示二层端口的状态,可以用来决定此口是否为二层或三层口。 |
show interfaces [ interface-id] description | 显示端口描述 |
show running-config interface [ interface-id] | 显示当前配置中的端口配置情况 |
show version | 显示软硬件等情况 |
|
Switch# show interfaces status
Port Name Status Vlan Duplex Speed Type
Gi0/1 connected routed a-full a-100 10/100/1000Base
TX
Gi0/2 wce server 20.20.2 disabled routed auto auto 10/100/1000Base TX
Gi0/3 ip wccp web-cache notconnect routed auto auto 10/100/1000Base TX
Gi0/4 notconnect routed auto auto 10/100/1000Base TX
Gi0/5 notconnect routed auto auto 10/100/1000Base TX
Gi0/6 disabled routed auto auto 10/100/1000Base TX
Gi0/7 disabled routed auto auto 10/100/1000Base TX
Gi0/8 disabled routed auto 100 10/100/1000Base TX
Gi0/9 notconnect routed auto auto 10/100/1000Base TX
Gi0/10 notconnect routed auto auto 10/100/1000Base TX
Gi0/11 disabled routed auto auto unknown
Gi0/12 notconnect routed auto auto unknown
Switch# show interfaces fastethernet 0/1 switchport
Name: Fa0/1
Switchport: Enabled
Administrative Mode: static access
Operational Mode: down
Administrative Trunking Encapsulation: dot1q
Negotiation of Trunking: Off
Access Mode VLAN: 1 (default)
Trunking Native Mode VLAN: 1 (default)
Trunking VLANs Enabled: ALL
Pruning VLANs Enabled: 2-1001
Protected: false
Unknown unicast blocked: disabled
Unknown multicast blocked: disabled
Voice VLAN: dot1p (Inactive)
Appliance trust: 5
Switch# show running-config interface fastethernet0/2
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 131 bytes
!
interface FastEthernet0/2
switchport mode access
switchport protected
no ip address
mls qos cos 7
mls qos cos override
end
Clear 命令 | 目的 |
clear counters [ interface-id] | 清除端口计数器. |
clear line [number | console 0 | vty number] | 重置异步串口的硬件逻辑 |
Note clear counters 命令只清除用show interface所显示的计数,不影响用snmp得到的计数 |
Switch# clear counters fastethernet0/5
Clear "show interface" counters on this interface [confirm] y
Switch#
*Sep 30 08:42:55: %CLEAR-5-COUNTERS: Clear counter on interface FastEthernet0/5
by vty1 (171.69.115.10)
Switch# clear interface fastethernet0/5
| 命令 | 目的 |
Step 1 | configure terminal | 进入配置状态 |
Step 2 | interface {vlan vlan-id} | { { fastethernet | gigabitethernet} interface-id} | { port-channel port-channel-number} | 选择要关闭的端口 |
Step 3 | shutdown | 关闭 |
Step 4 | end | 退出 |
Step 5 | show running-config | 验证 |
|
Switch# configure terminal
Switch(config)# interface fastethernet0/5
Switch(config-if)# shutdown
Switch(config-if)#
*Sep 30 08:33:47: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/5, changed state to a
administratively down
Switch# configure terminal
Switch(config)# interface fastethernet0/5
Switch(config-if)# no shutdown
Switch(config-if)#
*Sep 30 08:36:00: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/5, changed state to up
Catalyst 3550交换机支持250个 VLAN,可以分别是VTP client, server, 及 transparent modes. VLAN号可以从1到4094. VLAN号1002到1005保留给令牌环及FDDI VLAN. VTP只能学习到普通范围的VLAN, 即从VLAN到1到1005; VLAN号大于1005属于扩展VLAN,不存在VLAN数据庫中。 交换机必须配置成VTP透明模式当需要生成VLAN 号从1006到4094.
本交换机支持基于每一VLAN的生成树(PVST),最多支持128个生成树。本交换机支持ISL及IEEE 802.1Q trunk二种封装。
注意 不要手工删除 vlan.dat 文件,可能造成VLAN的不完整。 如要删除vlan需要用有关的命令来进行 |
| 命令 | 目的 |
Step 1 | configure terminal | 进入配置状态 |
Step 2 | vlan vlan-id | 输入一个VLAN号, 然后进入vlan配置状态,可以输入一个新的VLAN号或旧的来进行修改。 |
Step 3 | name vlan-name | (可选)输入一个VLAN名,如果没有配置VLAN名,缺省的名字是VLAN号前面用0填满的4位数,如VLAN0004是VLAN4的缺省名字 |
Step 4 | mtu mtu-size | (可选) 改变MTU大小 |
Step 5 | end | 退出 |
Step 6 | show vlan { name vlan-name | id vlan-id} | 验证 |
Step 7 | copy running-config startup config | (可选) 保存配置 |
用no vlan name 或 no vlan mtu 退回到缺省的vlan配置状态
Switch# configure terminal
Switch(config)# vlan 20
Switch(config-vlan)# name test20
Switch(config-vlan)# end
| 命令 | 目的 |
Step 1 | vlan database | 进入VLAN配置状态 |
Step 2 | vlan vlan-id name vlan-name | 加入VLAN号及VLAN名 |
Step 3 | vlan vlan-id mtu mtu-size | (可选) 修改MTU大小 |
Step 4 | exit | 更新VLAN数据庫并退出 |
Step 5 | show vlan { name vlan-name | id vlan-id} | 验证配置 |
Step 6 | copy running-config startup config | 保存配置(可选) |
|
Switch# vlan database
Switch(vlan)# vlan 20 name test20
Switch(vlan)# exit
APPLY completed.
Exiting....
Switch#
注意 当删除一个VLAN时,原来属于此VLAN的端口将处于非激活的状态,直到将其分配给某一VLAN。 |
| 命令 | 目的 |
Step 1 | configure terminal | 进入配置状态 |
Step 2 | no vlan vlan-id | 删除某一VLAN. |
Step 3 | end | 退出 |
Step 4 | show vlan brief | 验证 |
Step 5 | copy running-config startup config | 保存 |
|
| 命令 | 目的 |
Step 1 | configure terminal | 进入配置状态 |
Step 2 | interface interface-id | 进入要分配的端口 |
Step 3 | switchport mode access | 定义二层口 |
Step 4 | switchport access vlan vlan-id | 把端口分配给某一VLAN |
Step 5 | end | 退出 |
Step 6 | show running-config interface interface-id | 验证端口的VLAN号 |
Step 7 | show interfaces interface-id switchport | 验证端口的管理模式和VLAN情况 |
Step 8 | copy running-config startup-config | 保存配置 |
|
使用 default interface interface-id还原到缺省配置状态。
Switch# configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)# interface fastethernet0/1
Switch(config-if)# switchport mode access
Switch(config-if)# switchport access vlan 2
Switch(config-if)# end
Switch#
| 命令 | 目的 |
Step 1 | configure terminal | 进入配置状态 |
Step 2 | interface interface-id | 进入端口配置状态 |
Step 3 | switchport mode { dynamic { auto | desirable} | trunk} | 配置二层trunk模式。
|
Step 4 | switchport access vlan vlan-id | (可选) 指定一个缺省VLAN, 如果此端口不再是trunk |
Step 5 | switchport trunk native vlan vlan-id | 指定802.1Q native VLAN号 |
Step 6 | end | 退出 |
Step 7 | show interfaces interface-id switchport | 显示有关switchport 的配置 |
Step 8 | show interfaces interface-id trunk | 显示有关trunk的配置 |
Step 9 | copy running-config startup-config | 保存配置 |
Switch# configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)# interface fastethernet0/4
Switch(config-if)# switchport mode trunk
Switch(config-if)# end
| Command | Purpose |
Step 1 | configure terminal | 进入配置状态 |
Step 2 | interface interface-id | 进入端口配置 |
Step 3 | switchport mode trunk | 配置二层口为trunk |
Step 4 | switchport trunk allowed vlan { add | all | except | remove} vlan-list | (可选) 配置trunk允许的VLAN. 使用 add, all, except, remove 关健字 |
Step 5 | end | 退出 |
Step 6 | show interfaces interface-id switchport | 验证VLAN配置情况. |
Step 7 | copy running-config startup-config | 保存配置 |
|
Switch(config)# interface fastethernet0/1
Switch(config-if)# switchport trunk allowed vlan remove 2
Switch(config-if)# end
| 命令 | 目的 |
Step 1 | configure terminal | 进入配置状态 |
Step 2 | interface interface-id | 进入配置成802.1qtrunk的端口 |
Step 3 | switchport trunk native vlan vlan-id | 配置native VLAN号 |
Step 4 | end | 退出 |
Step 5 | show interfaces interface-id switchport | 验证native VLAN配置 |
Step 6 | copy running-config startup-config | 保存配置 |
|
负载均衡可以使用流量分流到其它平行的trunks上去. 交换机为了避免环路, STP通常是阻断所有端×××换机之间只留一条链路 。使用负载均衡后, 可以把不同VLAN的流量分配到不同的trunk上。
当同一台交换机的二个口形成环路时, STP端口权值用来决定那个口是enable的,那个口是阻断的。 可以通过配置端口权值来决定二对trunk各走那些VLAN, 有较高权值的端口(数字较小的)vlan, 将处于转发状态,同一个VLAN在另一个trunk有较低的权值(数字较大)则将处在阻断状态。 即同一VLAN只在一个trunk上发送接受。
基于端口权值的负载均衡示意图trunk1将发送和接收VLAN8-10的数据,trunk2将发送和接收VLAN3-6的数据
| Command | Purpose |
Step 1 | configure terminal | 进入Switch 1配置状态 |
Step 2 | vtp domain domain-name | 配置VTP域 |
Step 3 | vtp server | 将Switch 1配置成VTP server. |
Step 4 | end | 退出 |
Step 5 | show vtp status | 验证VTP的配置 |
Step 6 | show vlan | 验证VLAN |
Step 7 | configure terminal | 进入配置状态 |
Step 8 | interface fastethernet 0/1 | 进入F0/1端口 |
Step 9 | switchport mode trunk | 配置成trunk端口 |
Step 10 | end | 退出 |
Step 11 | show interfaces fastethernet0/1 switchport | 验证VLAN配置 |
Step 12 | | 在switch1上的F0/2上重复7到11步骤 |
Step 13 | | 在Switch 2的F0/1,F0/2上重复7到11步骤。 |
Step 14 | show vlan | 当trunk已经起来,在switch2上验证已经学到相关的vlan配置 |
Step 15 | configure terminal | 在Switch 1上进入配置状态 |
Step 16 | interface fastethernet0/1 | 进入要配置的端口 |
Step 17 | spanning-tree vlan 8 port-priority 10 | 将端口权值10赋与VLAN 8. |
Step 18 | spanning-tree vlan 9 port-priority 10 | 将端口权值10赋与VLAN 9. |
Step 19 | spanning-tree vlan 10 port-priority 10 | 将端口权值10赋与VLAN 10. |
Step 20 | exit | 退回. |
Step 21 | interface fastethernet0/2 | 进入F0/2 |
Step 22 | spanning-tree vlan 3 port-priority 10 | 将端口权值10赋与VLAN 3. |
Step 23 | spanning-tree vlan 4 port-priority 10 | 将端口权值10赋与VLAN 4. |
Step 24 | spanning-tree vlan 5 port-priority 10 | 将端口权值10赋与VLAN 5. |
Step 25 | spanning-tree vlan 6 port-priority 10 | 将端口权值10赋与VLAN 10. |
Step 26 | end | 退出 |
Step 27 | show running-config | 验证配置 |
Step 28 | copy running-config startup-config | 保存配置 |
|
| 命令 | 目的 |
Step 1 | configure terminal | 进入 Switch 1配置状态 |
Step 2 | interface fastethernet 0/1 | 进入F0/1 |
Step 3 | switchport mode trunk | 配置Trunk,只能是dot1q模式 |
Step 4 | exit | 退回 |
Step 5 | | 在F0/2口上重复2-4步骤 |
Step 6 | end | 退出 |
Step 7 | show running-config | 验证配置 |
Step 8 | show vlan | 验证switch1已经学到Vlan |
Step 9 | configure terminal | 进入配置状态 |
Step 10 | interface fastethernet 0/1 | 进入F0/1 |
Step 11 | spanning-tree vlan 2 cost 30 | 设置Vlan2生成树路径值为30 |
Step 12 | spanning-tree vlan 3 cost 30 | 设置Vlan3生成树路径值为30 |
Step 13 | spanning-tree vlan 4 cost 30 | 设置Vlan4生成树路径值为30 |
Step 14 | end | 退出 |
Step 15 | | 在switch1的F0/2上重复9-11步骤设置VLAN8,9,10生成树路径值为30 |
Step 16 | exit | 退出 |
Step 17 | show running-config | 验证配置 |
Step 18 | copy running-config startup-config | 保存配置 |
ZL-10th -Floor-1中的MAC地址为:000a.f404.ad80
ZL-10th -Floor-2中的MAC地址为:000a.f404.a500
ZL-10th -Floor-3中的MAC地址为:000a.f404.ab80
cluster commander-address 000a.f404.ad80 member 1 name ZL-10th-Floor
cluster commander-address 000a.f404.ad80 member 2 name ZL-10th-Floor
cluster commander-address 000a.f404.ad80 member 3 name ZL-10th-Floor